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| Sabellianism | ||
| Modalist belief system attributed to Sabellius, in which God consists of a single person who reveals himself in different modes. Thus the Son is divine and the same as the Father. Essentially synonymous with patripassianism and modalist monarchianism. |
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| sacrament | ||
| A solemn Christian ritual believed to be a means of grace, a sign of faith, or obedience to Christ's commands. The Anglican catechism defines a sacrament as "an outward and visible sign of an inward and spiritual grace...ordained by Christ himself." In the Catholic and Orthodox churches, there are seven sacraments: baptism, confirmation, the eucharist (communion), penance, extreme untion, ordination and marriage. In Protestant churches, only baptism and the eucharist are regarded as sacraments. |
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| saint | ||
| In Protestant terminology, any Christian believer. In Catholicism, an especially holy Christian who has met certain requirements and been canonized by the Pope. See also cult of the saints. |
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| Scholasticism | ||
| (Latin scholastici, "schoolmen"). "The medieval movement, flourishing in the period 1200-1500, which placed emphasis upon the rational justification of religious belief and the systematic presentation of those beliefs." (McGrath, 34) |
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| sola fide | ||
| (Latin, "faith alone"). Martin Luther's doctrine that faith is all that is necessary for salvation. |
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| sola scriptura | ||
| (Latin, "scripture alone"). Martin Luther's doctrine that Scripture is the only authority for Christians (i.e., church tradition and papal doctrine are unnecessary and inferior to direct reading of the Scripture). |
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| Son of Man | ||
| Title used 81 times by Jesus to refer to himself in the Gospels, but never by anyone else. The term may derive from the eschatological figure of Daniel 7 or may have been used by Jesus to refer to his humanity. |
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| soteriology | ||
| Branch of Christian theology dealing with salvation. |
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| Stations of the Cross | ||
| Series of fourteen events in the passion of Christ, beginning with Jesus' condemnation and ending with his body being laid in the tomb (for list, see Christianity by the Numbers). The stations are a subject of public and private devotion in Catholicism, especially during Lent. |
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| subordinationism | ||
| Heretical belief in which the Son is lesser than the Father in divinity, rank or honor. |
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| Synoptic Gospels | ||
| (Greek synopsis, "single view "). The NT books of Matthew, Mark and Luke, which offer similar views of the life of Christ (compared with the unique perspective of the Gospel of John). |
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